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The
name "Nicaragua" is a native word
derived from Nicarao, the name of nahuátl speaking
tribe Which inhabited the shores of Lake of
Nicaragua before it was dominated during the
Spanish conquest of the narrow territory, that
today separates the Nicaragua's Lake of the
Pacific Ocean.
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The
name was taken from Nicarao headman, who dominated the place
until the arrival of the first
conquerors.
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The
term also got to be applied by extension to the
tribe who occupied that region: nicaraguas or
niquiranos.
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1.
Boaco
Capital:
Boaco
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2.
Carazo
Capital:
Jinotepe
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3.
Chontales
Capital:
Juigalpa
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4.
Chinandega
Capital:
Chinandega
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5.
Estelí
Capital:
Estelí
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6.Granada
Capital:
Granada
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7.
Jinotega
Capital:
Jinotega
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8.
León
Capital:
León
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9.
Managua
Capital:
Managua
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10.
Matagalpa
Capital:
Matagalpa
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11.
Madriz
Capital:
Somoto
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12.
Masaya
Capital:
Masaya
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13.
Nueva Segovia
Capital:
Ocotal
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14.
Rivas
Capital:
Rivas
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15.
Río San Juan
Capital
Río San Juan
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16.
Atlántico Norte
Capital:
Puerto Cabeza
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17.
Atlántico Sur
Capital:
Bluefields
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Casa
Presidencial |
Palacio
de la Cultura |
Nicaragua |
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The
National Pavilion's white strip represents the nation
territory and symbolizes the Nicaragua's purity. The two blue
strips mean that Nicaragua is between two oceans: Atlantic and
Pacific.
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It
has the form of a equilateral triangle. The triangle means
equality. The rainbow means peace. The frigid cap is freedom
symbol. The five volcanoes express the union and the
brotherhood of the five Central American countries.
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| Official name: |
Republic of
Nicaragua |
Capital: |
Managua |
| Language: |
Spanish (official) |
Currency: |
Cordoba |
| Political Division: |
15 Departments and
two regions |
Population: |
5,675,356 (2007) |
| Área by km²: |
129,494 |
Coasts in km: |
910 |
| Holiday days: |
1.
January 1
2.
Saint Thursday
3.
Saint Friday
4.
May 1
5.
July 19
6.
September 14
7.
September 15
8.
November 2
9.
December 25 |
New
Year's
Saint
Thursday
Saint
Friday
Labor
Day
Revolution
Day
San
Jacinto Battle Independence
Day Deceased
Day Christmas |
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| Ports: |
Bluefields,
Corinto, the Bluff, Cabezas Port, Sandino Port, Rama, San Juan
del Sur.
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| Hydrograph: |
The
Managua's Lake or Xolotlán Lake is next to the capital. The
Nicaragua's Lake or Cocibolca Lake is one of the greater sweet
water tanks and also they lodge the only fresh water sharks of
the world. The lakes dominate great part of the territory and
are surrounded by volcanoes. The Eastern coast has a dense
forest.
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| Climate: |
Warm
and humid in the Eastern. Drier in the western coast. Less
warm in the high mountain ranges.
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| Natural resources: |
Gold, silver,
copper, lead, zinc, wood, fish.
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| Industry: |
Mine, drinks,
foods, cement, bricks, tiles.
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| Agriculture: |
Sugar, corn, rice,
bean, oranges, bananas, coffee, yucca, soy.
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| Cattle ranch: |
Bovine, pig.
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| Geography: |
Nicaragua
is in Central América between Honduras and Costa Rica.
Nicaragua is bordered by the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic. The mountains
that
range across from north to Southeastern, contains several
volcanoes in the central part of the country.
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| History: |
Nicaragua
was conquered by Spain in 1552, inhabited by several
indigenous groups. It obtained its independence in 1821.
Nicaragua has an important patrimony of biodiversity, counts
on the greater extensions of that tropical forest, and the
earth ecosystems, better preserved in all Centrl America. Nicaragua
has 720 species of birds. 200 mammal. 300 reptiles and
amphibians and 200 freshwater fish species. Nicaragua Lake has
a unique
specie of fish, world known as "mojarra
flecha" .
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FELIX
RUBEN GARCIA SARMIENTO DARIO. He was born on January
18, 1867 in San Pedro Metapa, Nicaragua. He died on
February 6, 1916. Hi is buried in Leon's Cathedral,
Nicaragua.
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Since he was a boy, he had showed an exceptional
talent in the command of language. He learned to read
when he was three years old, and read with avidity. He wrote his first
verses when he was ten years old,and when he was
twelve, he
published some poems like "La fe" and
"una lágrima." He had already written for
the newspaper "La Verdad" . León City when
he was fourteen years old. At the same age, he
became simply Rubén Darío.
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Through
his extensive work "Azul" which many
consider as his masterpiece "Cantos de vida y
esperanza." Darío had an extensive and
decisive impact in Literature in Castilian to both
sides of the Atlantic. He is considered by many as
one of the greatest poets of the castilian language.
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SACUANJOCHE.
This flower whose native name is translated in nahuátl as
"yellow flower", received this name because of
the color that it shows in its center. One is in wild form more than ten varieties pink,
white yellow, red white, white pure, pink yellow, etc. Its
scientific name is "rubra Plumería acutefolia."
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MADROÑO.
It grows commonly in the Pacific's coast. When it blooms
(November or December) it acquires the aspect of a
white-creamy mass uniform that emphasizes it between the
tonalities of green of tropical dry forest.
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GUARDABARRANCO.
Its a large bird as a grasped hand of an adult person. Its
feathers presents tonalities green, litmus celestial and black.
Its tail has two long feathers in racket form.
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Fruto Chamorro
1853-1855 |
José Ma. Estrada
1855-1855 |
Patricio
Rivas
1855-1857 |
Máximo Jerez
Tellería
1857-1857 |
Tomás
Martínez G
1857-1857 |
Gregorio
Juárez
1857-1857 |
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Rosalio
Cortés
1857-1857 |
Tomás
Martínes G
1857-1867 |
Fernando
Guzmán
1867-1871 |
Vicente
Cuadra
1871-1875 |
Pedro J
Chamorro
1875-1879 |
Joaquín
Zavala
1879-1883 |
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Adán Cárdenas
1883-1887 |
Evaristo
Carazo
1887-1889 |
David Osorno
1889-1889 |
Roberto
Sacaza
1889-1893 |
Salvador Machado
1893-1893 |
Joaquín
Zavala
1893-1893 |
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José Santos
Zelaya
1893-1909 |
José Madriz
1909-1910 |
José Dolores
Estrada
1910-1910 |
Luis Mena
1910-1910 |
Juan José
Estrada
1910-1911 |
Adolfo Díaz
1911-1917 |
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Emiliano Chamorro V.
1917-1921 |
Diego M. Chamorro B.
1921-1923 |
Bartolomé
Martínez
1923-1925 |
Carlos José
Solórzano
1925-1926 |
Emiliano Chamorro V.
1926-1926 |
Sebastian
Uriza
1926-1926 |
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Adolfo Díaz
1926-1929 |
José Ma.
Moncada T.
1929-1933 |
Juan Bautista
Sacasa
1923-1936 |
Carlos A. Brenes Jarquin
1936-1937 |
Anastacio
Somoza García
1937-1947 |
Leonardo
Argüello
1947-1947 |
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Benjamín
Lacayo
1947-1947 |
Víctor M.
Román
1947-1950 |
Anastacio
Somoza García
1950-1956 |
Luis A.
Somoza Debayle
1956-1963 |
René Schick
Gutiérrez
1963-1966 |
Lorenzo
Guerrero G.
1966-1967 |
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Anastacio
Somoza Debayle
1967-1972 |
Roberto
Martínez Lacayo
1972-1973 |
Fernando
Agüero Rocha
1972-1973 |
Edmundo
Paguaga Irías
1972-1973 |
Alfonso Lovo
Cordero
1972-1973 |
Anastacio
Somoza Debayle
1974-1979 |
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Francisco
Urcuyo M.
1979-1979 |
Daniel Ortega
S.
1979-1990 |
Violeta
Barrios de Ch.
1990-1997 |
Arnoldo
Alemán L.
1997-2002 |
Enríque
Bolaños G.
2002-2006 |
Daniel Ortega
S.
2006-2010 |
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